Jazz Essays (654 words) - African-American Music, Blues, Jazz

Jazz As the United States entered the 1920s it was not as unified as one might think. Not one, but two societies existed. The Black society, whose ancestors had been oppressed throughout the ages, and the White society, the oppressors of these men and women. After emancipation the Whites no longer needed the Blacks, but were forced to live with them. The Blacks despised the Whites, but even so they became more like them in every way. Even though these two races had grown so similar over the past century and a half, they were still greatly diversified. One aspect of this great diversity was the difference in music trends. The White society was still in love with the European classical music. The Blacks on the other hand had created something all their own. Jazz, Blues, and Ragtime originated in New Orleans in the 19th century, but by the 1920s it had become famous throughout America. The Whites tried to suppress the Blacks with new laws, but the power of this strengthened race was too grea t. The Negro music of the 20th century had a huge affect on Black and White relations, and helped to bring the two societies together. When the slaves first came to the colonies they brought nothing with them, that is, except their music. They sang their songs while at work in the fields. This original music is called the old blues. The blues became the symbol of the new American race, and the home of this music was New Orleans. New Orleans had been a melting pot of culture ever since emancipation had freed the slaves, but more was being mixed than just culture. Music from the Blacks was blending with the Whites music, and creating an entirely different form of music, which had never been seen before. This early form of Jazz began to be heard in the North and was developed further with the help of technical devices. Blues music had become more than just a symbol of the slaves, now it was becoming a symbol of America. The reason for this was because jazz and blues could be played by anyone from the whitest white to the blackest black. By this time White Americans could be heard playing the true jazz and blues. The tr ue jazz was music played by the black man, because it was his music. Even white jazz players were beginning to be famous. Artists such as Paul White man and O.D.J.B. were whites who began to play jazz. Music played by these people was really the first jazz that northerners were exposed to, and because of this black northerners began to think of jazz as a white dilution of blues. Jazz music used the same instruments as ragtime did except for the piano. The piano was not brought into the picture until later. In 1921 the first Black jazz band broke onto the national scene. This band contained many of the greats such as Joe Oliver and Louis Armstrong. They offered a smoother type of jazz compared to the sloppy jazz of the early White groups. Bibliography {\rtf\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fswiss MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\froman\fcharset2 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fprq2 System;}{\f3\froman Times New Roman;}{\f4\froman Times New Roman;}} {\colortbl; \red0\green0\blue0;} \ftnrstcont\ftnbj\ftnrstpg\aftnnar\ftnstart0\viewkind1 \deflang1033 \pard \plain\f3\fs28\b\qc Works Cited\plain\f3\fs24\par \ql\par \par \pard\li720\fi-720\sl480\slmult1\plain\f3\fs24 {\field{\*\fldinst HYPERLINK http://www.questia.com/PageManagerHTMLMediator.qst?action=openPageViewer&docId=62348191}{\fldrslt Gioia, Ted. \ul The History of Jazz\plain\f3\fs24 . New York: Oxford University Press US, 1997.}}\plain\f3\fs24 \plain \par \pard\plain\f3\fs24 \par \pard\li720\fi-720\sl480\slmult1\plain\f3\fs24 {\field{\*\fldinst HYPERLINK http://www.questia.com/PageManagerHTMLMediator.qst?action=openPageViewer&docId=65306057}{\fldrslt Kubik, Gerhard. \ul Africa and the Blues\plain\f3\fs24 . Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi, 1999.}}\plain\f3\fs24 \plain \par \pard\plain\f3\fs24 \par \pard\li720\fi-720\sl480\slmult1\plain\f3\fs24 {\field{\*\fldinst HYPERLINK http://www.questia.com/PageManagerHTMLMediator.qst?action=openPageViewer&docId=5879810}{\fldrslt Panish, Jon. \ul The Color of Jazz : Race and Representation in Postwar American Cul ture\plain\f3\fs24 . Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi, 1997.}}\plain\f3\fs24 \plain \par \pard\plain\f3\fs24 \par } Music Essays

Good Blonde essays

Good Blonde essays Good Blonde by Jack Kerouac shows the restless, idealistic youth fighting against the conformity of a bland society symbolized by the characters quests for an identity in a simple life as seen through their all out rush for freedom. In the 1950s when working a job from nine to five was considered success and the money you made was your level of success, there was a small group in society that went against the crowd. Their idea of success was having contentment with oneself no matter what career path was taken. They were the counter-culture of society known as the beat generation. The mainstream society is represented through the Uncle Nick described in the beginning. The Greek reminded me of my Uncle Nick...and wandered down the gray streets...in a gray suit, with a gray hat, gray face going to his various jobs. (Kerouac 145) Gray is a bland color used to symbolize boredom and in this case modesty and conservation. The Uncle represents all mainstream workers whose goals are determined by societys standards. The story gives a taste of what it is like having a dream to live without taking an active part in the workplace of society. This dream of the narrators is one that many people in the United States fought against and tried to oppress during the 1950s. The narrator in this story represents all the youths who desire freedom, solitude and simplicity for their own sake and not letting society press them into working and living for what so many Americans strived for, the American Dream. The narrator is a free-spirit who loves the outdoors and loves the simple life. He works every now and then, but never seems to hold a steady job. His life is very sporadic doing only what he wants to do. His life-source and refuge is the city of San Francisco where he longed to live, party and listen to jazz music. San Francisco, during the movement of the beat genera...

Response paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Response paper - Essay Example During the 1500s, this expansion continued the journey reaching its zenith in 1590 when the empire became truly gigantic and influential. The Ottomans were not only at the height of power at this point in the history of the empire, but they also became very progressive socioeconomically. Using the gunpowder technology, the Ottomans managed to thwart the Safavids establishing their influence on them. This technology helped a lot in facilitating the Ottoman successes and ensuring the empire’s dynamism and expansion. The empire also expanded due to growing influence of the Sultan because many rulers like the one of Algiers voluntarily submitted to Selim clearly intimidated by him. Growing expansion of the Ottoman empire and establishment of authority in different states helped the Ottomans in controlling the trade coming from those areas. This ability to control the trade and interact with a broad range of people from diverse cultural backgrounds helped the Ottoman empire to grow economically and socially. The empire reached its maximum size when benefiting from dynastic issues encountered by the Safavids, the Ottomans â€Å"in a war between 1578 and 1590, captured Safavid territory in the Caucasus and western Iran† (Imber, 2004). Like the Ottoman empire, the Safavids also made the empire economically strong by benefiting from their control on trade. The empire was based in what is modern day Iran. So, the strategic location between East and West promised the Safavid empire a fascinating stronghold on trade. General consensus is that the economic strength of the empire came from its highly strategic and valuable location â€Å"on the trade routes† (BBC, 2009). It was this control on trade between East and West that the Safavids became influential enough to challenge two strong empires, one from East called the Mughal empire and other from West known as the Ottoman empire. It is also agreed that during the period from 1501 to 1722,

Identifying and Managing Risk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Identifying and Managing Risk - Essay Example This is because once risks are identified the right strategies and techniques are put in place to ensure that they do not have negative effects on the portfolio or project. By implication, it can be said that it is not right to try to deny the reality of the existence of risk. Rather, the existence of risks must be appreciated, identified and embraced. More importantly, the right techniques must be in place to managing risk. Kallman and Abdali, Mouath and Qusai have both come up with a number of risk management techniques which share some similarities and differences in terms of their implementation and usage. Reading through Kallman one finds three major risk management techniques that are highlighted by the writer. These are risk avoidance, risk tolerance, and risk acceptance. Writing on situations under which either of these may be deemed as appropriate for an organization, Kallman emphasized that â€Å"If a cost-benefit analysis shows the downside is just too large for the organizations risk tolerance then avoidance is a wise choice.† The author continued to advise that â€Å"If the situation falls within the organizations' risk appetite or tolerance, however, then acceptance is the appropriate choice.† From these two quotations, the technique of risk management is clearly outlined. It can be noted that Kallman advocates the use of systematic analysis of risk by weighing the impact of risk on the organization’s activities and programs. Once such weighing is done, it will be possible to determine the exact impact of the risk to the organization. By so doing, risks t hat can be contained without any significant negative impact can be allowed to remain so that the efforts to management can be sent on those risks that pose some levels of threat through risk tolerance.  

Mexico Research Assignment Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mexico Assignment - Research Paper Example The Government of Mexico is a Federal Republic. Mexico accepts jurisdictions from ICCt with provisos. The official language of Mexico is Spanish. Mexico City is the largest city and capital of Mexico. Other major cities are Ecatepec, Puebla, Guadalajara, Monterrey, and Nezahualcoyotl. The currency of Mexico is Mexican peso (Central Intelligence Agency, 2012). Free market forces and privatization dominate the Mexican market. It is made up of modern as well as outmoded agriculture and industry. The per capita income of Mexican person is one third of that of U.S. According to CIA the Gross Domestic Product (Purchasing Power Parity) of Mexican economy is $1.683 trillion as of 2011. Being a member of NAFTA, Mexico enjoys the benefits of increased imports from the U.S; also Canadian imports have increased to 5%. Mexico also has made several free trade agreements with countries such as Japan, the European Free trade Area, El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala. Mexico has 1,724 airports which is the third largest in the world. It has one helicopter as of 2012. There are fifty two merchant marines. The ports and terminals of Mexico include Altamira, lazaro Cardenas, Salina Cruz, Dos Bocas terminal, Cayo Arcas terminal, Coatzacoalcos, Manzanillo, Altamira, and Veracruz. There are 19.892 million telephone users and 91.363 million cell phone users in Mexico as of 2009. There are 15.165 million internet hosts and 31.02 million internet users in mexico as of 2010 (Central Intelligence Agency, 2012). Roman Catholicism is the major religion of Mexican people. Other minorities are from other dominations of Christianity. The culture of Mexico is a blend of Mexican and Spanish traditions as an influence of Spanish rule over Mexico for over 300 years. Today, many traditions from U.S have been made part of the Mexican culture. Mexican tradition is a family oriented one with family values and norms being the top most priority. Major festive of Mexico include Cinco de Mayo which is ce lebrated on May 5th each year as a festive of freedom, liverty, and independence; El Grito de Independencia which is the official holiday (the Independence Day); Los Dias de Los Muertos which actually means Day of Dead but is a Mexican celebration of both living and dead. It is celebrated on November 1 and 2. Punctuality is not an issue as more stress is laid upon personal commitements. The time for appointments is between 10am and 1pm but late afternoon is always considered a second choice (Berg,1997). Like most of the cultures, business entertaining is an important part of Mexican lifestyle as well. Most of the business meetings take place at breakfast or at lunch and can go on for more than two hours. There is no rule as to what will be the highlight of business meetings; sometimes they talk about business sometimes not. But, it is a great chance to build up personal relationships. A large meal is served at breakfast, lunch, and dinner in Mexico with alcohol served at lunch and d inner time; but mostly it’s a norm of dinner time. Breakfasts at the hotel you staying are also common. Private home meetings are not the norm of Mexican society. The person who usually invites pays the bills but if you are a client and other party supplier it is best you pay the bills. Splitting bills is a poor strategy (World Business Culture). In Mexico, men are supposed to shake hands when meeting a person and then leaving but they should wait for the women to

The evidence of bad character

The evidence of bad character The evidence of bad character is an interesting area which have often been brought up by academician and judges like Professor Hoffman to its disputable and uncertainty of status, and so it have been describe as a law which is complex, unprincipled and riddled with anomalies by Professor Adrian Keane. The general rule was that the defendant may not be asked about his convictions or other bad character until he throws the shield himself i.e. he himself have adduce his own characteristic as evidence, in other words it means that evidence may not be given about his character as part of the prosecution case. The rationale of the rule has proved that the prejudice created by such evidence outweighed any probative value it might have. The basis of the rule can be trace from the dictum of Lord Herschell LC in Makin v Attorney-General for New South Wales: ‘It is undoubtedly not competent for the prosecution to adduce evidence tending to show that the accused has been guilty of criminal acts other than those covered by the indictment, for the purpose of leading to the conclusion that the accused is a person likely from his criminal conduct or character to have committed the offence for which he is being tried. On the other hand, the mere fact that the evidence adduced tends to show the commission of other crimes does not render it inadmissible if it be relevant to an issue before the jury. In other word, it means that the prosecution may not use the accuseds previous bad character to suggest to the jury that he acted in conformity therewith in relation to the offence charged. However, there was also exception following the above dictum he laid down: ‘†¦and it may be so relevant if it bears upon the question whether the acts alleged to constitute the crime charged in the indictment were designed or accidental, or to rebut a defence which would otherwise be open to the accused. In other word, Lord Herschell mean that the evidence which tends to show the commission of other crimes is wide enough to cover not just evidence of the defendants previous convictions, but also evidence of other offences which he is alleged to have committed but for which he has not been tried. Then he came out with two instances in which evidence of other offence may b relevant to guilt. Firstly, the defendant claims that the act of which complaint is made did take place but that it was an accident or so called ‘similar fact evidence and, secondly, where the defendant put forward some defence but his character shows that the defence is not open to him. Following the dictum, the case of Makin had illustrated that there was no direct evidence and an inference was drawn by the jury base on indirect evidence i.e. circumstantial evidence to reach a conclusion. Second, the admissibility of evidence of other offences depends entirely upon the issues in the case that the relevance of the evidence can only be judged by reference to the issues which arise for decision. The method had almost been an universal usage where the prosecution try to prove that on one or more occasions the accused has acted in a way similar to that alleged in the charge although it was not normally known as similar fact evidence. Moving on, the case of Thompson had shown the way the rule applies to evidence of the defendants character which does not disclose the commission of offences. In this case, the appellant was the man who had committed acts of gross indecency in a public lavatory. The issue was one of identity because the appellants defence was that it was pure coincidence that he turned up at the agreed time. It was held relevant to rebut by the context of evidence of defendants sexual behaviour towards young boys. Lord Sumner in this case said that there is a risk of prejudice by a jury after hearing the accused has committed other offences. Because of the risk, the prosecution is not normally allowed to call such evidence, but that it may do so where it is relevant to an issue in the case. Later in Harris v DPP, it develops the analysis of the part prejudice plays in similar fact evidence. Viscount Simon described there would be reasonable cause to adduce similar fact evidence and referred to the rule of practice requiting a judge to disallow reliance on admissible evidence if its probable effect would be out of proportion to its true evidential value. And this is the first time the House of Lord brought together the need for similar fact evidence to be probative on one or more of the issues in the case, and the need for the judge to consider the overall effect of the evidence on the jury. All this was later drawn together and fully explained in DPP v Boardman, which follow the dictum laid down in Makin. Lord Wilberforce comes out with: ‘†¦it is necessary to estimate (i) whether, the evidence as to other facts tends to support, i.e. to make more credible, the evidence given as to the fact in question, (ii) whether such evidence, if given, is likely to be prejudicial to the accused. Both these elements involve questions of degree. It falls to the judge†¦ to estimate the respective and relative weight of these two factors†¦ It simply means that the judge must weigh the probative force of similar fact evidence against its prejudicial effect and only allow it if it would not be unfair to the defendant to allow it to be given. Another case of Sim also applying the similar way to rebut the appellants defence, where the accuseds homosexual tendency is only admissible where it is of sufficient relevance. Lord Goddard CJ pointed out that, similar fact evidence is a form of character evidence admissible because it is relevant to guilt, it may b introduces as part of the prosecution case, and need not await the presentation of the defence or be limited to cross-examination of the accused.

Destructive Materialism in The Pearl :: essays research papers

In The Pearl, the author, John Steinbeck, uses the pearl to express what human nature is. Kino, a poor pearl fisher, finds the ?pearl of the world? and imagines all the things he will buy after he has sold the pearl. At the beginning of the novel, the pearl that Kino finds is described as being large, incandescent and as "perfect as the moon", by the end of the novel, Kino looks at the pearl and it is "ugly, gray, like a malignant growth." In general, mankinds are greedy, deceptive and evil. In the novel, Steinbeck tries to spread the message that materialism destroys people. In the novel, The Pearl, John Steinbeck does an excellent job portraying how materialism destroys people. Juana says to Kino ?This pearl is evil. This pearl is like a sin. It will destroy us all!?(38). Even though Juana warns Kino that the pearl will bring misfortunes to the family and advises him to throw the pearl away, Kino neither takes the advice nor listens to what his wife says because Kino's mind is already overtaken by his dreams. Kino puts the pearl before his family and even if his wife takes it, he attacks her to reclaim it. ?He [strikes] her in the face and she [falls] among the boulders, and he [kicks] her in the side...He [hisses] at her like a snake and she [stares] at him with wide unfrightened eyes, like a sheep before a butcher? (59). Kino hits his wife and becomes more evil after he has found the pearl. Also, Kino has lost his humanity and becomes like an animal. He will not consider his family anymore like he used to because he has turned evil and he is overtake n by his dreams. Steinbeck uses the scene where people burn down Kino's house to show humans do evil acts to harm someone. Since the pearl dealers cannot think of a way that can deceive Kino, they burn down his house in revenge, which makes Kino's family become homeless.